What is Addiction?

Addiction occurs when a person develops a strong physical or psychological need to engage in a behavior or consume a substance, despite knowing it causes harm. This dependency can significantly impact daily life.

This article outlines the types, causes, and signs of addiction, as well as where to seek help.

Many people are familiar with addictions to:

• Smoking
• Alcohol
• Gambling
• Drugs
• Prescription medications
• Porn

Drug addiction can include substances such as cannabis, methamphetamine (ice), and amphetamines. Alcohol and nicotine are also considered addictive drugs.

However, addiction can extend beyond substances. People can become addicted to activities such as:

• Computers: Computer addiction is on the rise, with individuals spending excessive time surfing the internet or gaming. This often leads to neglecting important aspects of life, like sleep or responsibilities.

• Gambling: Gambling can create a mental "high" after a win, leading to a compulsion to gamble again. This cycle can quickly spiral into a difficult-to-break habit.

• Solvent Abuse: Also known as 'volatile substance abuse,' this involves deliberately inhaling chemicals such as glue, aerosols, or paint. It can cause a temporary feeling of intoxication but is extremely dangerous and can be fatal.

• Shopping: Shopping addiction involves compulsively buying items you don't need or want, often leading to a temporary "buzz" followed by guilt or regret.

• Work: Workaholism occurs when someone is overly focused on their job, to the detriment of their relationships, health, and personal life.

Regardless of the form it takes, addiction results in a loss of control, and the person becomes dependent on the substance or behavior to get through daily life.

Why Does Addiction Start?

Addiction can begin for many reasons. Substances like drugs, alcohol, and nicotine alter how you feel, creating a desire to experience those effects again. These substances can cause both physical and mental changes that reinforce the addiction.

Some research suggests addiction may have a genetic component, but environmental factors also play a significant role.

For example, growing up with a caregiver who has an addiction can normalize addictive behaviors.

Additionally, unemployment, poverty, stress, and emotional challenges can trigger addiction as a way to cope with difficulties.

Symptoms of Addiction

Addiction can easily spiral out of control, leading to a need for more of the substance or activity to achieve the same effect. You may or may not realize you're addicted. Common symptoms include:

• Continuing the behavior despite its negative impact on your life
• Stealing or selling possessions to fund the addiction

• Engaging in risky or dangerous behaviors
• Losing interest in other activities

• Experiencing mood swings, anger, or depression

• Noticing changes in eating, sleeping habits, or weight

• Feeling sick or shaky when trying to quit

Living with addiction can be highly stressful and may harm your work performance, relationships, and overall well-being. In the case of substances like alcohol or methamphetamine, addiction can have severe mental and physical consequences, potentially leading to violent or unpredictable behavior.